Eczema
Eczema is a skin condition that causes irritation in the skin and the affected area become swollen and itchy. There are many types of eczema like atopic dermatitis, hand dermatitis, nummular dermatitis and seborrheic dermatitis. affects both men and women. Age also doesn’t seem to make a difference, since this skin condition appears in anyone from babies to the elderly. About one fifth of all children suffer from eczema and about one in every twelve adults has eczema. Eczema can range from mild to severe.
Eczema Symptoms
Usually, the first symptom of eczema is intense itching.
Dry and red skin
Skin becomes scaly and thickened
Inflamed areas may develop blisters
In adults, chronic rubbing produces thickened plaques of skin
Some people develop red bumps or clear fluid-filled bumps that look “bubbly” and, when scratched, add wetness to the overall appearance.
Eczema can be of three sorts; mild, moderate or severe. In the mildest case the skin is red, temperate, dehydrated and prickly. In moderate to severe cases it can be very reddened, unbelievably itchy, fractured, crunchy, flaking, raw, bleeding and weeping fluid which is known as wet eczema. People with AD have all the more propensity to have dry, itchy and easily irritated skin. This can prolong for years and years and may also result in smashing up of the skin.
While any region of the body may be affected by eczema, in children and adults, eczema typically occurs on the face, neck, and the insides of the elbows, knees, and ankles. In infants, eczema typically occurs on the forehead, cheeks, forearms, legs, scalp, and neck.
Eczema Causes
Firstly a defect in the functioning of the skin is the most important reason for causing eczema. Secondly, improper functioning of hormones, especially from the thyroid gland, result in abnormal blood circulation. It is believed that eczema occurs in the skin parts that do not receive proper blood supply. Thirdly, a weakened immune system is also considered as one of the significant eczema causes in children. It is probably due to this reason that eczema is seen commonly in children and infants. Atopic dermatitis is believed to be caused due to mutation or defect in a particular gene which may or may not be hereditary. Some forms of eczema can be triggered by substances that come in contact with the skin, such as soaps, cosmetics, clothing, detergents, jewelry, or sweat. Environmental allergens (substances that cause allergic reactions) may also cause outbreaks of eczema. Changes in temperature or humidity, or even psychological stress, can lead to outbreaks of eczema in some people.
Eczema Treatment
The goals for the treatment of eczema are to prevent itching, inflammation, and worsening of the condition. Treatment of eczema may involve both lifestyle changes and the use of medications. Treatment is always based upon an individual’s age, overall health status, and the type and severity of the condition.
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Types of Eczema
Atopic Eczema – This is the most common type of eczema. It is linked to asthma and hay fever. The word atopic means sensitivity to certain allergens such as animal fur and dust mites. A high proportion of children suffer from this condition, but in the majority of cases it clears up over time. Reported cases of this type of eczema are on the increase.
Discoid eczema usually affects adult but children may also experience this skin disease. It can also flare up in the lower legs or on the feet. Several patches of red skin can develop and lead to blisters.
Seborrheic eczema – The typical symptoms for seborrheic eczema are scaly, oily, yellowish patches usually found on the face and scalp. The most common places to find it are around the creases of the cheeks and the nose.
Nummular eczema generally occurs on the legs and arms. It characterizes coin shaped patches, scaly and red skin. When the situation clears up the patches gets healed from inside layer up to outer layer which resembles the red rings. It is associated with the conditions like that of winter season.
Contact Dermatitis Eczema – Exposure to toxic chemical particles and pollen grain gives rise to certain allergies that prompt the occurrence of this peevish skin distress. In this case, the human immune system is invaded by allergic or non-allergic agents that trigger and catalyze the occurrence. Generally, the face, the areas behind the ears, the hollows of the elbows and knees, the mid-body, the lower legs and feet are the natural areas where eczematous suppuration takes place.
Contrary to many people’s belief, eczema is not contagious, but that does not prevent the sufferer from being self-conscious about their skin. Stress and anxiety are known to make the condition worse, so it becomes a vicious cycle unless it can be managed effectively. If eczema continues into adulthood, it is unlikely to go away completely, so it is important to develop a routine that controls the problem as much as possible.